Yintoni i-Rhombic Antenna?
I-antenna yerhombic yi-antenna yentambo eqondisiweyo eyenziwe zizinto ezine eziqhubayo ezicwangciswe kwisakhiwo esimile okwedayimani. Ingabonwa njengee-antenna ezimbini ze-V ezidityaniswe ukusuka kwesinye isiphelo ukuya kwesinye, kunye ne-vertex enye ebukhali esetyenziswa njengendawo yokutya kunye ne-vertex echaseneyo edla ngokudityaniswa ne-resistor yokuphelisa.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-dipole evakalayo, i-antenna ye-rhombic ephelelwe ngokufanelekileyo isebenza ngokuyintloko njenge-antenna ye-traveling-wave. Umbane we-RF uhamba ukusuka kwindawo yokutya ecaleni kwamacandelo amane eentambo ukuya kumthwalo ophelayo. Amasimi e-electromagnetic aveliswa ngala macandelo adibana ukwenza umqadi oxineneyo ecaleni kwe-axis enkulu ye-rhombus.
Ii-antenna ze-Rhombic zaziwa kakhulu ngonxibelelwano lwe-HF olude kuba zinokubonelela nge-wide frequency coverage, i-forward gain eluncedo kunye neempawu ezizinzileyo zesikhokelo. Nangona kunjalo, ubukhulu bazo obukhulu bomzimba buzenza zifaneleke ngakumbi kwiindawo ezizinzileyo kuneeplatifomu zonxibelelwano ezixineneyo.
Ulwakhiwo oluSisiseko
I-antenna eqhelekileyo ye-rhombic ineentambo ezine ezilinganayo ezixhonywe ngaphezu komhlaba. Xa zidibene, ezi ntambo zenza i-rhombus ethe tye enee-angles ezimbini ezibukhali kunye nee-angles ezimbini ezi-obtuse.
I-antenna inikwa kwelinye icala, ngelixa icala elichaseneyo liqhagamshelwe kwi-resistor yokuphelisa i-non-inductive. Le resistor ikhethwa ukuze iqikelele i-impedance yesakhiwo se-antenna kwaye ifunxe amandla aseleyo okuhamba-hamba.
Iiparamitha eziphambili zoyilo ziquka:
- Ubude becandelo ngalinye lentambo
- I-engile ebukhali okanye eyintloko ye-rhombus
- Ukuphakama kofakelo ngaphezu komhlaba
- Ukuphazamiseka kwendawo yokutya
- Ukuphelisa ukuxhathisa
- Ububanzi bomqhubi
- Uluhlu lweefrikhwensi ekujoliswe kuzo kunye nendlela yokusasazeka
I-engile efanelekileyo ayiloxabiso elizinzileyo eliqhelekileyo. Ixhomekeke kubude bombane becala ngalinye kunye nokuphakama okufunekayo kunye necala le-azimuth yomqadi oyintloko.
Umfanekiso 1. Uqwalaselo olusisiseko lwe-antenna ethe tyaba ethe tyaba ephelileyo.
Isebenza Njani I-Rhombic Antenna?
Icala ngalinye le-rhombus lisebenza njenge-radiator enocingo olude. Njengoko umbane usasazeka kwii-conductors, icandelo ngalinye locingo livelisa icandelo lemitha yelanga.
Xa ubukhulu kunye nee-engile ze-antenna zikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo, amasimi ajikeleziswa ngamacala amane ayaqinisana kwicala eliya phambili. Kwezinye iindlela, ezinye izinto zesimi ziyarhoxisa kancinci. Isiphumo esidibeneyo singumqadi oyintloko omxinwa ecaleni kwe-diagonal ende ye-rhombus.
I-resistor yokuphelisa idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngokufunxa amandla afikelela esiphelweni, inciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwamandla kwaye ithintele ukuba kubekho amaza aqinileyo kwi-conductors. Oku kunceda i-antenna igcine i-impedance ezinzileyo kunye neempawu zemitha kuluhlu olubanzi lweefrikhwensi.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusebenza kakuhle. Inxalenye yamandla okudlulisa iguqulwa ibe bubushushu kwi-resistor yokuphelisa endaweni yokuba ikhutshwe. Ngoko ke uyilo lwe-antenna lufuna ulungelelwaniso phakathi kolwalathiso, i-bandwidth, uzinzo lwe-impedance kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemitha.
Uluhlu lweeFrequency kunye nobukhulu boMbane
Ii-antenna zemveli ezipheleleyo ze-rhombic zinxulunyaniswa kakhulu nonxibelelwano lwe-HF. Kule frequency, amacala e-antenna adla ngokuba ngamaza amaninzi ubude, okuvumela isakhiwo ukuba sivelise inzuzo enkulu kwicala.
I-antenna ye-rhombic ayichazwanga luluhlu olunye olusisigxina lweefrikhwensi. Ubukhulu bayo bunokulinganiswa ngokwethiyori kwiifrikhwensi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa isakhiwo siba sikhulu kakhulu kwiifrikhwensi eziphantsi kwaye sidinga ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo kweemishini kwiifrikhwensi eziphezulu.
Izakhiwo ze-compact rhombic kunye ne-rhombic-loop zingasetyenziswa nakwii-VHF, UHF okanye kwii-microwave frequency. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zakhiwo zilinganisiweyo zinokuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo zokutya, i-polarization kunye ne-radiation ezivela kwi-antenna yesiqhelo ye-HF rhombic ephelileyo.
Umfanekiso 2. Umzekelo wesakhiwo se-antenna esincinci se-rhombic sokwamkela i-frequency ephezulu.
Ii-Antennas zeRhombic eziphelisiweyo nezingapheliyo
I-antenna ephelelweyo ye-rhombic idla ngokuvelisa ipateni yemitha engacwangciswanga. Uninzi lwemitha eluncedo ijoliswe ukusuka kwindawo yokutya ukuya ekupheleni kokuphela.
Ukuba i-resistor yokuphelisa isusiwe, umbane ubonakala kwisiphelo esivulekileyo. I-antenna emva koko iphuhlisa icandelo eliqinileyo lamaza amileyo kwaye inokuvelisa ipateni ye-bidirectional, kunye ne-radiation enkulu kwiindlela ezimbini ezichaseneyo.
Uqwalaselo olungagqitywanga lunokuthintela ukulahleka kwamandla kwi-resistor ephelisayo, kodwa i-input impedance yayo kunye nepatheni yemitha ngokubanzi ziyahluka kakhulu ngokwexesha. Ingabonisa nomlinganiselo ophantsi we-front-to-back kunye nokuziphatha kwe-broadband okungaqikeleliyo.
Iphethini yeMisebe kunye nePolarization
Ipatheni yemitha ye-antenna ye-rhombic ephelileyo ibonakaliswa yi-lobe ephambili engaphambili kunye nee-side lobes ezininzi. Icala elichanekileyo lomqadi kunye nobubanzi be-beamm lixhomekeke kubude becala, i-engile ye-rhombus, ukuphakama kofakelo, i-frequency yokusebenza kunye neemeko zomhlaba.
Ukwandisa ubude bombane kunokuphucula indlela yokuqondisa, kodwa kunokuvelisa nezinye iindawo ezisecaleni. Ezi ndawo zingafunekiyo zinokukhupha amandla ukuya kwiindlela ezingafunekiyo kwaye zinciphise inzuzo esebenzayo yomqadi oyintloko.
I-antenna ye-rhombic efakwe ngokuthe tye i-polarized ngokuthe tye kwicala eliphambili lemitha. Nangona kunjalo, ipateni epheleleyo yemilinganiselo emithathu inokuba nezinto ze-polarization ezithe nkqo, ngakumbi kwi-side lobes nakwizikhokelo ezikude ne-axis ephambili.
Umfanekiso 3. Ipatheni yemitha echazayo ye-antenna yerhombic ephelileyo.
Ukondla kunye nokuHlanganisa i-Impedance
I-antenna ye-rhombic idla ngokuba yisakhiwo esilinganayo esine-impedance ephezulu yokufaka. Idla ngokutyalwa kusetyenziswa umgca wokudlulisela olinganayo okanye nge-transformer ye-impedance efanelekileyo kunye ne-balun.
Xa kusetyenziswa intambo ye-coaxial, utshintsho phakathi komgca we-feed ongalinganiyo kunye ne-antenna elinganisiweyo kufuneka luyilwe ngononophelo. Ukuhambelana okunganelanga kunokunyusa amandla abonakalisiweyo, kungenise umsinga we-common-mode kwaye kuphazamise ipateni yemitha ecetywayo.
Iinjineli kufuneka zivavanye:
- Impedance yokufaka
- Ilahleko yokubuyisa kunye ne-VSWR
- Ukuphelisa ukuxhathisa
- Inzuzo phambili
- Umlinganiselo wangaphambili nongasemva
- Isikhokelo somqadi
- Inqanaba le-side-lobe
- Ukwahlulahlula
- Ubuchule bokuphatha amandla
Kwiinkqubo zokudlulisa amandla aphezulu, i-terminating resistor kufuneka ikwazi ukukhupha amandla amakhulu e-RF ngokukhuselekileyo.
Iingenelo
Iingenelo eziphambili ze-antenna ye-rhombic ziquka:
- I-bandwidth yokusebenza ebanzi kakhulu
- Inzuzo eluncedo yesikhokelo
- Impedance ezinzileyo xa iphelisiwe ngokufanelekileyo
- Ulwakhiwo olulula olusekelwe kwiingcingo
- Ifanelekile kwiikhonkco ze-HF ezikude
- Uyakwazi ukuphatha amandla aphezulu okuhambisa izinto ngezinto ezifanelekileyo
- Ii-antenna ezininzi ezi-rhombic zinokulungiselelwa ukugubungela ngokubanzi okanye ukutshintsha phakathi kweendlela
Imida
Imida yayo ephambili ibandakanya:
- Ifuna indawo enkulu yokufakela
- Ifuna izakhiwo ezininzi ezinde zenkxaso
- Inxalenye yamandla e-RF ilahlekile kwi-resistor yokuphelisa
- Ingavelisa ii-side lobes ezibalulekileyo
- Ukusebenza kuchaphazeleka bubude kunye neemeko zomhlaba
- Ukugcinwa koomatshini kunokuba nzima
- Ayifanelekanga kwiiplatifomu ezininzi ezincinci okanye eziphathwayo
Izicelo eziqhelekileyo
Ii-antenna ze-Rhombic bezisoloko zisetyenziselwa:
- Unxibelelwano lwe-HF olukude
- Amakhonkco erediyo azinzileyo ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwindawo
- Izikhululo zokufumana i-Shortwave
- Unxibelelwano lwe-ionospheric kunye ne-skywave
- Uthungelwano lonxibelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe
- Ukubeka iliso kwirediyo kunye nobukrelekrele besignali
- Uphando malunga nee-antenna ezinde kunye namaza okuhambahamba
Nangona iinkqubo zonxibelelwano zanamhlanje zihlala zisebenzisa ii-antenna ze-log-periodic, ii-broadband arrays, ii-antenna ezibonisa ukukhanya kunye neenkqubo ze-antenna ezilawulwa nge-elektroniki, i-antenna ye-rhombic isasoloko ingumzekelo obalulekileyo kwithiyori ye-antenna.
Ibonisa ngokucacileyo indlela ubude bomqhubi, umsinga wokuhamba-ngamaza, i-engile yejiyometri kunye ne-field superposition ezinokusetyenziswa ngayo ukulawula ulawulo lwe-antenna kunye ne-bandwidth.
I-RF MISO ibonelela ngezisombululo ze-antenna kunye ne-microwave zovavanyo lwe-RF, unxibelelwano, i-radar, ukulinganisa i-antenna kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo. Ukuqonda izakhiwo ze-antenna zakudala ezifana ne-rhombic antenna kunceda iinjineli ukuba zivavanye iiparameter ezibalulekileyo kubandakanya uluhlu lwefrikhwensi, i-gain, i-polarization, i-beamwidth, i-VSWR, inqanaba le-side-lobe kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemitha.
Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngee-antenna, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-24-2026
