Yintoni i-Aperture esebenzayo ye-Antenna?
Ii-aperture esebenzayo ye-antenna, ikwabizwa ngokubaindawo esebenzayo (Ae), ichaza indlela i-antenna efumana amandla ngayo ngempumelelo kwi-wave ye-electromagnetic eyenzekileyo. Yindawo efanayo yokwamkela, kungekhona ngokuyimfuneko ukuvulwa kwe-antenna ngokwasemzimbeni.
Kwi-plane wave ehambelana ne-polarization efika kwicala lokwamkelwa okuphezulu, i-aperture esebenzayo idibanisa uxinano lwamandla okwenzekayo namandla afumanekayo kwii-terminals ze-antenna.
If Sbubuninzi bamandla esiganeko kwi-W/m2kwayePrngamandla afumanekayo afumanekayo kwiiwatts, ngoko ke:
Pr= SAe
I-aperture enkulu esebenza kakuhle iqokelela amandla angakumbi kwindawo efanayo yesiganeko, ukuba nje indlela yokufika kunye ne-polarization zihambelana.
Ukuvulwa okusebenzayo kubangela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha kunye nezinye iilahleko ze-antenna, kubandakanya ilahleko ze-conductor kunye ne-dielectric. Ke ngoko ilinganisa ukusebenza kokwamkela okusebenzisekayo endaweni yobukhulu bomzimba kuphela. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-Aperture, ukungafani kwe-impedance kunye nokungafani kwe-polarization konke oku kunokunciphisa amandla athunyelwa kwi-receiver.
Ifomula ye-Aperture esebenzayo kunye ne-Antenna Gain
Ukuvulwa okuphezulu okusebenzayo kwayo nayiphi na i-antenna kunxulumene nokufumaneka kwayoGkunye nobude bomdaλngu:
Ae= Gλ2/(4π)
Sebenzisa i-gain njenge-linear ratio, hayi i-dBi, kule equation. Guqula i-gain ngeG = 10G(dBi)/10Kuba ubude bomda bulinganac/f, ukuvuleka okusebenzayo kuncipha ngokunyuka kwamaza xa ukutyeba kugcinwe kungaguquki.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-antenna ezine-aperture efanayo yomzimba zinokufumana inzuzo ephezulu kwii-wavelengths ezimfutshane xa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-aperture kuhlala kufana. Olu lwalamano lunceda iinjineli zithelekise amandla okwamkela kwii-frequency.
Indlela i-Aperture esebenzayo echongwa ngayo
Ukuvulwa okusebenzayo kungabalwa ngokufumana i-gain elinganisiweyo, kumiselwe ngokuthelekisa ne-antenna yesalathiso, okanye kuqikelelwe ngokufumana i-receive-power measurements calibrated. Isiphumo siluncedo kwiibhajethi zekhonkco, ukulinganiswa kwe-antenna kunye noqikelelo lobuntununtunu benkqubo.
Kwizicelo zokulinganisa, hlola iiRF MISO'sii-eriyali ze-gain horn eziqhelekileyo, ezibonelela ngenzuzo eyaziwayo ngaphezu kweebhendi zefrikhwensi ezithile.
Ukusebenzisa i-Aperture esebenzayo kwi-Friis Transmission Equation
II-equation yokudluliselwa kweFriisiqhagamshela amandla adlulisiweyo, ukuzuza kwe-antenna, ubude be-wavelength kunye nomgama wokwahlukana kwindawo ekhululekileyo. Ukuze ufumane ukuzuza kwe-transmitterGt, inzuzo yomamkeliGrubude bomdaλkunye nomgamaR, iqikelela amandla afumanekayo kwi-antenna efumanayo.
UkusebenzisaPr= SAeyenza indima yokuvula okusebenzayo icace gca: i-antenna ethumelayo imisela uxinano lwamandla kwi-receiver, kwaye i-antenna efumanayo iguqula inxalenye yaloo ntsimi ibe ngamandla esiphelo.
Ukufumana iFomula yoThumelo lweFriis
Cinga ngee-antenna ezimbini ezahlulwe ngumgamaRkwindawo ekhululekileyo engenazithintelo. I-antenna eyamkelayo kufuneka ibe kwindawo ekude yomthumeli, kwaye ii-antenna kufuneka zilungelelaniswe kwicala kunye ne-polarization.
If PtIiwatts zithunyelwa kwi-antenna edlulisa i-isotropic efanelekileyo, amandla asasazeka phezu komphezulu wesphere.R, uxinano lwamandla esiganeko lulandelayo:
Umfanekiso 1. Ii-Antennas zokudlulisa (Tx) kunye ne-Receive (Rx) ezahlulwe yiR.
Ukuze ufumane i-antenna yokudlulisa esebenzayo ene-gainGtNgokubhekiselele kumkeli, uxinano lwamandla esiganeko luyanda ngenxa yento yokufumana inzuzo:
Ukuba i-antenna efumanayo ine-aperture esebenzayoAe, amandla afunyenweyo afumanekayo yi-incindi yamandla esiganeko ephindaphindwe ngoAe:
Ukutshintsha ubudlelwane be-gain-aperture endaweni ye-antenna efumanayo kunika:
Ngoko ke amandla afunyenweyo angabhalwa ngendlela eqhelekileyo ye-free-space:
Isilinganiselo 1.Friis transmission equation ngokobude bobude.
Isilinganiselo 1inxulumene namandla okudlulisa, ukuzuza kwe-antenna, ubude be-wavelength kunye nomgama wokwahlulwa. Isebenza ekusasazekeni kwesithuba esingenanto kwindawo ekude. Iinkqubo zokwenyani zifuna imiqathango eyongezelelweyo yokulahleka kwentambo, ukulahleka kwesixhumi, impazamo yokukhomba, ukuncitshiswa komoya kunye nezinye iziphumo zokusasazwa.
Ifom yeFrequency yeFriis Equation
Kubaλ = c/f, le equation ingabonakaliswa ngokwemiba yemvamisa:
Isilinganiselo sesi-2.I-Friis transmission equation ngokwee-frequency.
Indlela Ukuphindaphinda Okuchaphazela Ngayo Amandla Afunyenweyo
Xa ulwando lwe-antenna kunye nomgama zigcinwe zingaguquki, i-Friis equation iqikelela amandla afunyenweyo aphantsi njengoko i-frequency isanda kuba ubude be-wavelength buba mfutshane. Olu thelekiso luthatha amaxabiso afanayo olwando kwi-frequency nganye.
Nangona kunjalo, kwii-antenna ezine-aperture ebonakalayo esisigxina, i-gain ngokubanzi iyanda njengoko ubude be-wavelength buncipha. Ii-high-frequency kunye ne-millimeter-wave links zinokufezekisa ukusebenza okuqinileyo ngee-antenna ezikhokelayo, ezifumana i-high-gain, ukuba nje uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-link lukwabandakanya ukuchaneka kokukhomba, ukufunxwa komoya, imvula kunye nokulahleka kwezixhobo.
Sebenzisa i-Friis equation njengereferensi yendawo ekhululekileyo endaweni yemodeli epheleleyo yokusasaza. Ithatha ukusebenza kwe-far-field, umgca wokubona ongaphazanyiswayo kunye nee-antenna ezilungelelaniswe ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukungalingani kwePolarization
Ukuba ii-antenna ezithumelayo nezifumanayo azifaniswanga ne-polarization, phinda-phinda amandla afunyenweyo afanelekileyo nge-polarization loss factor (PLF). Kwii-vectors ze-polarization eziqhelekileyo, i-PLF isusela ku-0 ukuya ku-1; ixabiso lika-1 limele ukufana okugqibeleleyo. Ifomu ebanzi engezantsi ibandakanya eli gama lokungahambelani.
Isilinganiselo 3.I-equation yokudluliselwa kweFriis ngokubanzi kuquka ukungalingani kwe-polarization.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Ukuvulwa okusebenzayo kuguqula uxinano lwamandla esiganeko lube ngamandla afumanekayo.
- Ukuze ufumane inzuzoGkunye nobude bomdaλ, Ae= Gλ2/(4π).
- Sebenzisa i-linear gain, hayi i-dBi, kwi-aperture kunye ne-Friis calculations.
- I-Friis isebenza kwiikhonkco zeendawo ezikude, ezibonakala ngomgca wokubona; uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lweekhonkco olusebenzayo lufuna ilahleko eyongezelelweyo.
I-RF MISO ibonelelaii-eriyali ze-gain horn eziqhelekileyokunye nezinye izisombululo ze-antenna ze-RF zokulinganisa, ukulinganisa kunye nokudibanisa inkqubo.Nxibelelana ne-RF MISOukuxoxa ngemigangatho yefrikhwensi, inzuzo kunye neemfuno zomdibaniso.
I-imeyile:info@rf-miso.com
Ifowuni: 0086-028-82695327
Ixesha leposi: Jan-08-2024
