Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-antennaIchaza indlela amandla e-RF amkelweyo aguqulwa ngayo abe ngamandla akhutshwayo. Yiparameter ephambili ye-antenna kuba ilahleko yomqhubi, ilahleko ye-dielectric kunye nokungafani kwe-impedance kunokunciphisa imitha esebenzisekayo nokuba i-antenna inepatheni efanelekileyo.
Ifomula esisiseko yokusebenza kakuhle kwemisebe yile:
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwemisebe, ei-rad= Pi-rad/ Pyamkelwe
Ukusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo kuquka ukungalingani kokufakwa kwe-antenna:
Ukusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo, e0= (1 - |Γ|2) ei-rad
apho uPi-radngamandla akhutshwayo, Pyamkelweyamkelwe amandla kwaye i-Γ yi-input reflection coefficient. Esi sikhokelo sichaza iifomyula zokusebenza kakuhle kwe-antenna, iindlela zokulahleka, i-gain, i-directivity, i-realized gain kunye neendlela zokulinganisa eziqhelekileyo.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-Antenna: Iinkcazo kunye neeFomula
Umfanekiso 1
Ingcamango yokusebenza kakuhle kwe-antenna ingachazwa kusetyenziswa uMfanekiso 1.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-antenna iyonke i-e0 isetyenziselwa ukubala ilahleko ze-antenna kwi-input nakwisakhiwo se-antenna. Ngokubhekiselele kuMfanekiso 1(b), ezi lahleko zingabangelwa:
1. Ukukhanya okubangelwa kukungalingani phakathi komgca wothumelo kunye ne-antenna;
2. Ukulahleka komqhubi kunye ne-dielectric.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-antenna iyonke kunokufumaneka kule fomyula ilandelayo:
Oko kukuthi, ukusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo = imveliso yokusebenza okungafaniyo, ukusebenza kakuhle komqhubi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-dielectric.
Kudla ngokuba nzima kakhulu ukubala ukusebenza kakuhle komqhubi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-dielectric, kodwa zinokumiselwa ngovavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo alunakwahlula ilahleko ezimbini, ngoko ke le fomula ingasentla ingabhalwa ngokutsha ngolu hlobo:
i-ecd kukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha ye-antenna kwaye i-Γ yi-reflection coefficient.
Inzuzo, Ulwalathiso kunye Nenzuzo Efunyenweyo
Ulwalathisoichaza indlela ipateni yemitha egxile ngayo kwicala elithile.Inzuzoidibanisa ulwalathiso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemitha:
G = ei-radD
apho u-G ethetha inzuzo, u-D ethetha isikhokelo kwaye u-ei-radukusebenza kakuhle kwemisebe. Ngoko ke iGain ibangela ukulahleka komqhubi kunye ne-dielectric kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ayibandakanyi ukulahleka kwe-impedance-mismatch.
Ngokubanzi, ibhekisa kwi-relative gain, echazwa "njengomlinganiselo wokufumana amandla kwicala elithile kumandla e-antenna yesalathiso kwicala elibhekisa kulo". Amandla okufaka kule antenna kufuneka alingane. I-antenna yesalathiso inokuba yi-vibrator, i-horn okanye enye i-antenna. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umthombo wenqaku ongangqalanga usetyenziswa njenge-antenna yesalathiso. Ke ngoko:
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwamandla apheleleyo akhutshwe ngemitha kunye namandla apheleleyo okufaka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Inzuzo efezekisiweyoibandakanya isiphumo sokungalingani kokufakwa kwaye inxulumene nokufumana ngo:
Gyaqondakala= (1 - |Γ|2)G
Xa i-antenna ihambelana kakuhle, i-real gain isondela kwi-gain. Ukuba ukungalingani kukhulu, i-real gain iphantsi nangona ipatheni ye-radiation kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-radiation kungatshintshanga.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kokuzuza kunye nesikhokelo bu:
Ukuba i-antenna ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nomgca wothumelo, |Γ| = 0 kunye ne-realized gain ilingana ne-gain. Kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo, ukulahleka kwentambo kunye ne-calibration reference plane nazo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kuthelekiswa amaxabiso alinganisiweyo kunye nalinganisiweyo.
Izinto Eziphambili Ezinciphisa Ukusebenza Kakuhle Kwee-Antenna
- Ukuqhuba komqhubi ogqibeleleyo kunye noburhabaxa bomphezulu
- Ukulahleka kwe-dielectric kwi-substrates, ii-radomes kunye nezixhobo zokuxhasa
- Ukungalingani kwe-Impedance kwi-feed
- Iinethiwekhi ezihambelanayo ezilahlekileyo, izihlanganisi kunye nezakhiwo zesondlo
- Ukufakelwa kufutshane nesinyithi, izinto ezifunxayo okanye umzimba womntu
- Ukunyamezelana kokuvelisa kunye nokusasazwa kwangoku okuxhomekeke kwimvamisa
Indlela Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-Antenna Kulinganiswa Ngayo
Indlela yokulinganisa ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-antenna, uluhlu lwamaza kunye nezixhobo zovavanyo ezikhoyo. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka uthelekiso lwe-gain-directivity, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-radiation-pattern, ukulinganiswa kwe-reverberation-chamber kunye nendlela ye-Wheeler-cap yee-antennas ezincinci zombane ezifanelekileyo. Ukulinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo, ukulungiswa kokulahleka kwekhebula, ukulungelelaniswa kwe-polarization kunye ne-reference plane echazwe ngokucacileyo zibalulekile kwiziphumo ezinentsingiselo.
Ukusebenzisa Ukusebenza Kakuhle kunye Nokuzuza Ekukhetheni ii-Antena
Ukusebenza kakuhle, inzuzo, inzuzo eqinisekisiweyo, i-bandwidth, i-polarization, i-beamwidth kunye ne-VSWR kufuneka zivavanywe kunye. I-antenna ene-high-directivity isenokubonelela ngenzuzo embi eqinisekisiweyo ukuba ilahleko okanye ukungalingani kugqithisile. Iinjineli kufuneka zithelekise amaxabiso kuyo yonke ibhendi yokusebenza kwaye phantsi kweemeko zokufakelwa ezimeleyo.
Hlola i-RF MISOizisombululo ze-antennaokanye uhlole yethuubuchule bokuvavanya i-antenna. Ukukhetha okucwangcisiweyo kwesicelo, yabelana ngebhendi yokusebenza, inzuzo efunekayo, i-polarization, imida yokufakela kunye nendawo yovavanyo neqela le-RF MISO.
Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngee-antenna, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha leposi: Juni-14-2024
