Kwisahluko esidlulileyo, sixoxe ngeepateni zemitha. Ukuze uhlalutye ngcono imitha ye-antenna, kufuneka indawo yokubhekisa. Imitha ye-antenna ye-isotropic izalisekisa le ndima.
Inkcazo
Imitha ye-Isotropic ibhekisa kwimitha evela kumthombo wenqaku osasazeka ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke iindlela, ngobunzulu obufanayo nokuba ikweliphi icala lokulinganisa. Ukuphuculwa kwepateni yemitha ye-antenna kuhlala kuvavanywa kusetyenziswa imitha ye-isotropic njengesalathiso. Ukuba imitha ilingana kuzo zonke iindlela, ibizwa ngokuba yimitha ye-isotropic.
•Umthombo wenqaku ngumzekelo we-radiator ye-isotropic. Nangona kunjalo, i-isotropic radiation enjalo ayinakwenzeka, kuba nayiphi na i-antenna ikhupha amandla ayo ngolwalathiso oluthile.
•Imitha ye-Isotropic ngokusisiseko iyafana nemitha ye-omnidirectional.
•Xa ijongwa kwi-3D, inepatheni efana nedonathi; xa ijongwa kwi-2D, inepatheni yesibhozo.
Umfanekiso ongentla ubonisa ipateni yemitha yeradiator ye-isotropic (okanye ye-omnidirectional). Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa ipateni efana nedonathi kwi-3D, ngelixa umfanekiso 2 ubonisa ipateni yesibalo-esibhozo kwi-2D.
Inzuzo
I-radiator ye-isotropic ine-unit gain, oko kuthetha ukuba i-gain factor yi-1 kuzo zonke iindlela. Xa ichazwa ngee-decibels (dB), oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-0 dB gain (zero loss).
Amandla Alinganayo E-Isotropically Radiated (EIRP)
Ngokwenkcazo eqhelekileyo, ubungakanani bamandla akhutshwa yi-antenna ye-isotropic ukuvelisa uxinano lwamandla oluphezulu olubonwa kwicala lokufumana i-antenna ephezulu lubizwa ngokuba yi-Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power.
Xa amandla akhutshwayo e-antenna egxile kwicala elinye okanye kwicala elithile, kwaye i-radiation ekwelo cala ilingana namandla akhutshwayo e-antenna e-isotropic, le radiation ibizwa ngokuba yi-EIRP.
Inzuzo
Nangona imitha ye-isotropic iyinto nje yokucinga, imele eyona mitha ingcono kakhulu enokufikelelwa yi-antenna. I-antenna enjalo inokwanda kwe-3 dBi, apho i-3 dB ihambelana ne-factor ye-2, kwaye "i" imele i-multiple ngokumalunga nemeko ye-isotropic.
Ukuba imitha igxile kwi-engile ethile, i-EIRP iyanda ngokunyuka kwe-antenna. Inzuzo ye-antenna ifumaneka ngcono ngokugxininisa imitha yayo kwicala elinye.
Amandla Asebenzayo Asebenzisa Imitha (ERP)
Ukuba amandla akhutshwayo abalwa ngokubhekiselele kwi-antenna ye-dipole yesiqingatha se-wave endaweni ye-antenna ye-isotropic, ibizwa ngokuba yi-Effective Radiated Power (ERP).
ERP(dBW)=EIRP(dBW)−2.15 dBi
Ukuba i-EIRP iyaziwa, i-ERP ingabalwa kusetyenziswa ifomula enikiweyo apha ngasentla.
Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngee-antenna, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-17-2026
