Kwintsimi yeuluhlu lwe-eriyali, i-beamforming, ekwaziwa njengokucoca indawo, bubuchule bokwenza umqondiso osetyenziselwa ukusasaza kunye nokwamkela amaza onomathotholo angenazingcingo okanye amaza esandi ngendlela eya ngqo.I-Beamforming iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-radar kunye ne-sonar, unxibelelwano olungenazingcingo, i-acoustics, kunye nezixhobo ze-biomedical.Ngokwesiqhelo, ukwenza i-beamform kunye nokuskena kwe-beam kufezekiswa ngokuseta ubudlelwane besigaba phakathi kwesondlo kunye nento nganye yoluhlu lwe-antenna ukuze zonke izinto zisasaze okanye zifumane imiqondiso kwisigaba kwicala elithile.Ngexesha lothumelo, i-beamformer ilawula isigaba kunye nobukhulu besalathiso somqondiso ngamnye we-transmitter ukudala iipateni zokuphazamiseka ezakhayo kunye nezonakalisayo kwi-wavefront.Ngexesha lokwamkela, uqwalaselo lwe-sensor array configuration lubeka phambili ukwamkelwa kwepateni ye-radiation efunekayo.
Itekhnoloji yokuQinisekisa
IBeamforming bubuchule obusetyenziselwa ukuhambisa ipateni yemitha yemitha ukuya kwicala elifunekayo ngempendulo ezinzileyo.Ibeamforming kunye nokuskena umqadi wei-eriyaliuluhlu lunokufezekiswa ngenkqubo yokutshintsha isigaba okanye inkqubo yokulibaziseka kwexesha.
Isigaba Shift
Kwiinkqubo ze-narrowband, ukulibaziseka kwexesha kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-phase shift.Kumaza kanomathotholo (RF) okanye i-intermediate frequency (IF), i-beamforming inokufezekiswa ngokutshintshwa kwesigaba kunye ne-ferrite phase shifters.Kwi-baseband, ukutshintshwa kwesigaba kunokufezekiswa ngokusebenza kwesignali yedijithali.Ekusebenzeni kwe-wideband, ukulibaziseka kwexesha kukhethwa ngenxa yesidingo sokwenza isalathiso se-beam engundoqo ingaguquki ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
RM-PA17731
RM-PA10145-30(10-14.5GHz)
Ixesha lag
Ukulibaziseka kwexesha kunokungeniswa ngokutshintsha ubude bomgca wothumelo.Njengokutshintsha kwesigaba, ukulibaziseka kwexesha kunokwaziswa kwifrikhwensi yerediyo (RF) okanye i-intermediate frequency (IF), kwaye ukulibaziseka kwexesha okwaziswe ngolu hlobo kusebenza kakuhle kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaza.Nangona kunjalo, i-bandwidth ye-array-scanned array inqunyelwe yi-bandwidth ye-dipoles kunye nesithuba sombane phakathi kwee-dipoles.Xa i-frequency yokusebenza inyuka, isithuba sombane phakathi kwe-dipoles siyanda, okukhokelela kwinqanaba elithile lokucutha kobubanzi be-beam kwii-frequencies eziphezulu.Xa i-frequency inyuka ngakumbi, ekugqibeleni iya kukhokelela kwi-lobes ye-grating.Kwinqanaba elimiselweyo, i-lobes ye-grating iya kwenzeka xa ulwalathiso lwe-beamforming ludlula ixabiso eliphezulu lomqadi oyintloko.Esi siganeko sibangela iimpazamo ekusasazeni umqadi oyintloko.Ke ngoko, ukuze unqande i-lobes yegrating, i-antenna dipoles kufuneka ibe nesithuba esifanelekileyo.
Ubunzima
I-vector yobunzima yi-vector eyinkimbinkimbi inxalenye yayo ye-amplitude imisela inqanaba le-sidelobe kunye nobubanzi be-beam engundoqo, ngelixa icandelo lesigaba limisela i-angle engundoqo ye-beam kunye ne-null position.Ubunzima besigaba soluhlu lwe-narrowband lusetyenziswa ngabatshintshi besigaba.
RM-PA7087-43(71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32(10.75-14.5GHz)
Uyilo oluqaqambileyo
Ii-eriyali ezinokuziqhelanisa nemeko-bume ye-RF ngokuguqula iipateni zazo zokusasazeka kwemitha zibizwa ngokuba zii-eriyali zoluhlu olusebenzayo.Uyilo lweBeamforming lungabandakanya i-Butler matrix, i-matrix ye-Blass, kunye ne-antenna ye-Wullenweber.
Butler Matrix
I-Butler Matrix idibanisa i-90 ° ibhulorho kunye nesigaba sokutshintsha ukuphumeza icandelo lokugubungela ngokubanzi njenge-360 ° ukuba uyilo lwe-oscillator kunye nepateni yokuqondisa ifanelekile.Umqanga ngamnye unokusetyenziswa sisidluliseli esizinikeleyo okanye umamkeli, okanye sisidluliseli esinye okanye umamkeli olawulwa sisitshixo seRF.Ngale ndlela, i-Butler Matrix ingasetyenziselwa ukuqondisa umqadi wesetyhula.
Brahs Matrix
I-matrix ye-Burras isebenzisa iintambo zothumelo kunye ne-couplers eyalathiswayo ukuphumeza ukulibaziseka kwexesha kwi-beamforming yokusebenza kwebroadband.I-matrix ye-Burras inokuyilwa njenge-broadside beamformer, kodwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kokupheliswa kokumelana, inelahleko ephezulu.
Uluhlu lwe-antenna yeWoolenweber
Uluhlu lwe-eriyali ye-Woollenweber luluhlu lwesetyhula olusetyenziselwa ukukhomba isikhokelo ekufumaneni izicelo kwibhendi yefrikhwensi ephezulu (HF).Olu hlobo loluhlu lwe-eriyali lunokusebenzisa nokuba yi-omnidirectional okanye ielementi, kwaye inani lezinto ngokuqhelekileyo li-30 ukuya kwi-100, apho isinye esithathwini sinikezelwe ukwenza ngokulandelelana imiqadi eyalathayo ephezulu.Isiqalelo ngasinye siqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo sikanomathotholo esinokulawula ubungakanani bobunzima bepateni yoluhlu lwe-eriyali ngokusebenzisa i-goniometer ekwazi ukuskena i-360° phantse kungabikho tshintsho kwiimpawu zepateni ye-eriyali.Ukongeza, uluhlu lwe-eriyali lwenza umqadi ophuma ngaphandle ukusuka kuluhlu lwe-eriyali ngokulibaziseka kwexesha, ngaloo ndlela ifezekisa ukusebenza kwebroadband.
Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngee-eriyali, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-07-2024
