Eli nqaku libonelela ngokuphononongwa okucwangcisiweyo kwenguquko ye-antenna ye-antenna yesiseko kwizizukulwana zonxibelelwano lweselula, ukusuka kwi-1G ukuya kwi-5G. Ilanda umkhondo wendlela ii-eriyali eziye zaguquka ngayo ukusuka kwi-transceivers yesignali elula ukuya kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezinobuchule obukrelekrele obufana ne-beamforming kunye ne-Massive MIMO.
**I-Core Technological Evolution ngesiZukulwana**
| Ixesha | IiTekhnoloji eziPhambili kunye nokuPhumelela | Ixabiso eliPhambili kunye nezisombululo |
| **1G** | Ii-eriyali ze-Omnidirectional, iyantlukwano yendawo | Kubonelelwe ngokhuseleko olusisiseko; i-uplink ephuculweyo ngokusebenzisa iyantlukwano yendawo kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci ngenxa yezithuba ezinkulu zesikhululo. |
| **2G** | Ii-eriyali ze-Directional (i-sectorization), ii-eriyali ezimbini-polarized | Ukwandiswa komthamo kunye noluhlu lokugubungela; i-polarization kabini yenza ukuba i-eriyali enye ithathe indawo ezimbini, igcina indawo kwaye ivumela ukusasazwa okuxineneyo. |
| **3G** | Ii-eriyali ze-Multi-band, i-remote ye-tilt yombane (RET), i-eriyali ezininzi ze-antenna | Ukuxhaswa kweebhendi zamaza amatsha, ukunciphisa iindleko zesayithi kunye nokugcinwa; yenziwe yasebenza usetyenziso olukude kunye nomthamo ophindaphindwayo kwiindawo ezixhaphakileyo. |
| **4G** | Ii-antenna ze-MIMO (4T4R/8T8R), ii-antenna ezininzi ze-port, i-eriyali edibeneyo-i-RRU yoyilo | Kuphuculwe ngokumangalisayo ukusebenza kakuhle kwembonakalo kunye nomthamo wenkqubo; kujongwe ukuhlalisana kwamaqela amaninzi ngeendlela ezininzi kunye nokukhula kohlanganiso. |
| **5G** | I-Massive MIMO AAU (Iyunithi ye-Antenna esebenzayo) | Kusonjululwe imiceli mngeni engundoqo yokugquma okubuthathaka kunye nemfuno ephezulu yomthamo kusetyenziswa uluhlu olubanzi kunye nokuchaneka kwe-beamform. |
Le ndlela yendaleko iqhutywa yimfuneko yokulungelelanisa iimfuno ezine ezingundoqo: ukugubungela ngokuchasene nomthamo, intshayelelo entsha yembonakalo echasene nokuhambelana kwehardware, imiqobo yendawo ebonakalayo ngokuchasene neemfuno zokusebenza, kunye nobunzima bokusebenza ngokuchasene nokuchaneka kwenethiwekhi.
Ukujonga phambili, ixesha le-6G liza kuqhubeka nomzila osingise kwi-MIMO ye-ultra-massive, kunye nezinto ze-eriyali ekulindeleke ukuba zidlule kumawaka, ngakumbi ukuseka itekhnoloji ye-antenna njengelitye lembombo lesizukulwana esilandelayo sothungelwano lweselula. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kubuchwephesha be-eriyali bubonisa ngokucacileyo uphuhliso olubanzi lweshishini lonxibelelwano oluphathwayo.
Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngee-eriyali, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-24-2025
