I-antennainzuzo yiparameter ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezingenazingcingo, njengoko imisela ukukwazi kwe-eriyali ukwalathisa okanye ukugxininiswa kwamandla kanomathotholo kwicala elithile. Inzuzo ephezulu ye-eriyali iphucula amandla omqondiso, yandisa uluhlu lonxibelelwano, kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kwenkqubo iyonke. Eli nqaku liphonononga iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunyusa inzuzo ye-antenna, igxile kwimigaqo yoyilo, ubuchule bokwenza ngcono, kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili.
1. Lungiselela i-Antenna Design
Inzuzo ye-eriyali inxulumene ngokusondeleyo noyilo lomzimba. Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokunyusa inzuzo kukusebenzisa i-eriyali ekhokelayo, efana ne-Yagi-Uda, i-parabolic reflector, okanye i-eriyali yokupakisha, egxininisa amandla kwicala elithile kunokuba isasaze ngokufanayo kuwo onke amacala. Umzekelo, ii-eriyali ezibonisa iparabolic zizuza inzuzo ephezulu ngokujolisa imiqondiso kwindawo ekugxilwe kuyo, zizenze zilungele unxibelelwano lomgama omde.
2. Yandisa ubukhulu be-Antenna
Ukuzuza kwe-antenna kuhambelana nokuvula kwayo okusebenzayo, okuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nobukhulu bayo bomzimba. Ii-eriyali ezinkulu zinokubamba okanye zikhuphe amandla amaninzi, okukhokelela kwinzuzo ephezulu. Umzekelo, i-eriyali zesitya ezinobubanzi obukhulu zibonelela ngenzuzo ephezulu ngenxa yokwanda kwendawo yazo. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela inqunyelwe yimiqobo ebonakalayo efana nendawo kunye neendleko.
3. SebenzisaIi-Antenna Arrays
Uluhlu lwe-eriyali luquka ii-eriyali ezininzi ezicwangciswe ngendlela ethile. Ngokudibanisa imiqondiso evela kwezi zinto, uluhlu lunokufikelela kwinzuzo ephezulu kunye nokuqondisa. Ii-eriyali zoluhlu olunezigaba, umzekelo, sebenzisa ubuchule bokutshintsha kwesigaba ukuhambisa umqa nge-elektroniki, ukubonelela zombini inzuzo ephezulu kunye nokuguquguquka kwindlela eya kwicala.
RM-PA1075145-32
RM-PA7087-43
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4. Phucula uFanelo lwesondlo
Inkqubo yokutya, ehambisa amandla phakathi kwe-transmitter/receiver kunye ne-eriyali, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni inzuzo. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo eziphantsi kwelahleko kunye nokwenza ngcono inethiwekhi yokutya kunokunciphisa ilahleko yamandla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo, iintambo ze-coaxial ezine-attenuation ephantsi okanye i-waveguide feeds zinokunyusa ukusebenza.
5. Nciphisa Ilahleko
Ilahleko kwinkqubo ye-antenna, efana nelahleko echasayo, ilahleko ye-dielectric, kunye ne-impedance mismatches, inokunciphisa kakhulu inzuzo. Ukusebenzisa izinto eziphezulu ze-conductivity (umzekelo, ubhedu okanye i-aluminium) kwisakhiwo se-eriyali kunye nelahleko ephantsi ye-dielectric materials for substrates inokunciphisa ezi lahleko. Ukongeza, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana okufanelekileyo kokuphazamiseka phakathi kwe-eriyali kunye nomgca wothumelo kukhulisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwaye kwandisa inzuzo.
6. Qesha iiReflectors kunye nabalawuli
Kwii-eriyali ezihambelanayo ezifana nee-eriyali ze-Yagi-Uda, izibonisi kunye nabalawuli zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa inzuzo. Iireflector zibekwe emva kwesiqalelo esisasaza ukuhambisa amandla phambili, ngelixa abalawuli bemi ngaphambili ukujolisa umqadi ngakumbi. Ukubeka izithuba ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokulinganisa ezi zinto kunokuphucula ngokubonakalayo inzuzo kunye nokuthe ngqo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukonyusa inzuzo ye-eriyali kubandakanya indibaniselwano yoyilo ngononophelo, ukhetho lwemathiriyeli, kunye nobuchule obuphambili. Ngokwenza ngcono ubume be-eriyali yomzimba, ukunciphisa ilahleko, kunye netekhnoloji yokunyusa efana noluhlu lwe-eriyali kunye nokwakheka kwe-beamform, kunokwenzeka ukufezekisa uphuculo olubalulekileyo kwinzuzo kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo iyonke. Ezi zongezelelo zibalulekile kwizicelo ezisusela kunxibelelwano olungenazingcingo ukuya kwiinkqubo zerada nezesathelayithi.
Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngee-eriyali, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-21-2025
