Ii-eriyali ze-Microwave ziguqula imiqondiso yombane ibe ngamaza ombane wombane (kunye nangenye indlela) kusetyenziswa ubunjineli obuchanekileyo. Ukusebenza kwabo kuxhomekeke kwimigaqo emithathu engundoqo:
1. Uguqulo lwamaza ombane
Imo yoHambisa:
Imiqondiso ye-RF esuka kuhambo lwesidluliseli ngeendidi zesiqhagamshelanisi se-eriyali (umzekelo, i-SMA, uhlobo lwe-N) ukuya kwindawo yesondlo. Izinto zokuqhuba ze-eriyali (iimpondo/ii-dipoles) zenza amaza abe yimiqadi eya ngakulo.
Imo yokufumana:
Isiganeko samaza e-EM abangela imisinga kwi-eriyali, aguqulelwe emva kwimiqondiso yombane kumamkeli.
2. Ulawulo oluthe ngqo kunye noLawulo lweMitha
Ukwalatha kwe-antenna kulinganisa ukugxilwa kwe-beam. I-eriyali enolwalathiso oluphezulu (umzekelo, uphondo) igxininisa amandla kwiilobe ezimxinwa, ezilawulwa:
I-Directivity (dBi) ≈ 10 log₁₀(4πA/λ²)
Apho A = indawo yokuvula, λ = ubude bamaza.
Iimveliso ze-antenna zeMicrowave ezifana nezitya zeparabolic zifezekisa >30 dBi directivity for satellite links.
3. Amacandelo angundoqo kunye neendima zawo
| Icandelo | Umsebenzi | Umzekelo |
|---|---|---|
| I-Radiating Element | Iguqula amandla ombane-EM | Patch, dipole, slot |
| Inethiwekhi Yokutya | Ukhokela amaza ngelahleko encinci | I-Waveguide, umgca we-microstrip |
| Amacandelo angenakwenziwa | Yandisa imfezeko yomqondiso | Phase shifters, polarizers |
| Izihlanganisi | Ujongano olunemigca yothumelo | 2.92mm (40GHz), 7/16 (High Pwr) |
4. Uyilo oluQhelekileyo oluthe ngqo
<6 GHz: Ii-eriyali zeMicrostrip zilawula ubungakanani obubambeneyo.
> 18 GHz: Iimpondo zeWaveguide zigqwesa kwilahleko ephantsi yokusebenza.
I-Critical Factor: I-impedance ehambelana nezixhumi ze-antenna zithintela ukubonakaliswa (VSWR <1.5).
Usetyenziso lwehlabathi lokwenyani:
I-5G Massive MIMO: I-Microstrip array kunye namalungu angenakwenziwa kwi-beam steering.
IiNkqubo zeRadar: Ukuqondisa okuphezulu kwe-antenna kuqinisekisa ukulandelwa okuchanekileyo.
Ii-Satellite Comms: Izibonakalisi zeParabolic zifezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-99% yokuvula.
Ukuqukumbela: Ii-eriyali ze-Microwave zixhomekeke kwiresonance ye-electromagnetic, ukuchaneka kweentlobo zesiqhagamshelo se-eriyali, kunye nokwalathiswa kwe-eriyali okulungiselelwe ukusasaza/ukufumana imiqondiso. Iimveliso ze-eriyali ze-microwave eziphucukileyo zidibanisa amacandelo okwenziwa ukunciphisa ilahleko kunye nokwandisa uluhlu.
Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngee-eriyali, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-15-2025
