Ii-antenna ze-microwave ziguqula imiqondiso yombane ibe ngamaza e-electromagnetic (kwaye ngokuchaseneyo) zisebenzisa izakhiwo ezicwangciswe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukusebenza kwazo kuxhomekeke kwimigaqo emithathu ephambili:
1. Utshintsho lwamaza e-Electromagnetic
Imo yoThumelo:
Imiqondiso ye-RF esuka kwi-transmitter ihamba ngeentlobo ze-antenna connector (umz., i-SMA, uhlobo lwe-N) ukuya kwindawo yokutya. Izinto eziqhubayo ze-antenna (iimpondo/ii-dipole) zenza amaza abe yimiqadi yecala.
Imo Yokufumana:
Amaza e-EM esiganeko abangela imisinga kwi-antenna, aguqulwe abe ziimpawu zombane zomamkeli
2. Ulawulo lweMitha kunye neKhonkco
Ulawulo lwe-antenna lubala ukugxila kwe-beam. I-antenna enolawulo oluphezulu (umz., uphondo) igxila amandla kwi-lobes ezimxinwa, ezilawulwa yi:
Isikhokelo (dBi) ≈ 10 log₁₀(4πA/λ²)
Apho u-A = indawo evulekileyo, u-λ = ubude bexesha.
Iimveliso ze-antenna ze-microwave ezifana nezitya ze-parabolic zifikelela kwi-directivity ye->30 dBi kwiikhonkco zesathelayithi.
3. Izinto eziphambili kunye neendima zazo
| Icandelo | Umsebenzi | Umzekelo |
|---|---|---|
| Isixhobo Esikhupha Imitha | Iguqula amandla ombane-EM | Ipetshi, i-dipole, i-slot |
| Inethiwekhi yokuphakelwa | Ikhokela amaza ngokulahlekelwa okuncinci | Isikhokelo se-Waveguide, umgca we-microstrip |
| Izixhobo Ezingasebenziyo | Ukuphucula ukuthembeka kwesiginali | Ii-Phase shifters, ii-polarizers |
| Iziqhagamsheli | Ujongano kunye neentambo zothumelo | 2.92mm (40GHz), 7/16 (I-Pwr Ephezulu) |
4. Uyilo oluQokelelweyo rhoqo
< 6 GHz: Ii-antenna ze-Microstrip zilawula ubukhulu obuncinci.
> 18 GHz: Iimpondo zeWaveguide zibalaseleyo ngenxa yokusebenza okuphantsi.
Ingongoma Ebalulekileyo: Ukudibanisa i-impedance kwii-antenna connectors kuthintela ukubonakaliswa (VSWR <1.5).
Izicelo zeHlabathi lokwenyani:
I-5G Massive MIMO: Ii-microstrip arrays ezineenxalenye ezingasebenziyo zokulawula umqadi.
Iinkqubo zeRadar: Ulawulo oluphezulu lwe-antenna luqinisekisa ukulandelelwa ngokuchanekileyo kwethagethi.
IiSatellite Comms: Ii-parabolic reflectors zifikelela kwi-99% yokusebenza kakuhle kokuvuleka.
Isiphelo: Ii-antenna ze-microwave zixhomekeke kwi-electromagnetic resonance, iintlobo ze-antenna connector ezichanekileyo, kunye ne-antenna directional elungiselelweyo ukuhambisa/ukufumana imiqondiso. Iimveliso ze-antenna ze-microwave eziphambili zidibanisa izinto ezingasebenziyo ukunciphisa ilahleko kunye nokwandisa uluhlu.
Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngee-antenna, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-15-2025
