Iindlela ezine ezisisiseko zokutya ii-antenna ze-microstrip

Iindlela ezine ezisisiseko zokutya ii-antenna ze-microstrip zezi zilandelayo:

 

1. (I-Microstrip Feed): Le yenye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zokutya ii-antenna ze-microstrip. Isignali ye-RF idluliselwa kwinxalenye ekhupha i-antenna ngomgca we-microstrip, ngesiqhelo ngokudityaniswa phakathi komgca we-microstrip kunye ne-radiating patch. Le ndlela ilula kwaye iguquguquka kwaye ifanelekile kuyilo lwee-antenna ezininzi ze-microstrip.

2. (I-Aperture-coupled Feed): Le ndlela isebenzisa izithuba okanye imingxunya kwipleyiti yesiseko se-antenna ye-microstrip ukondla umgca we-microstrip kwi-element ekhupha imitha ye-antenna. Le ndlela inokubonelela ngokuhambelana okungcono kwe-impedance kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemitha, kwaye inokunciphisa ububanzi be-beam ethe tye nethe nkqo ye-side lobes.

3. (I-Proximity Coupled Feed): Le ndlela isebenzisa i-oscillator okanye i-inductive element kufutshane nomgca we-microstrip ukondla isignali kwi-antenna. Inokubonelela ngokulingana okuphezulu kwe-impedance kunye ne-frequency band ebanzi, kwaye ifanelekile kuyilo lwee-antenna ze-wide-band.

4. (I-Coaxial Feed): Le ndlela isebenzisa iingcingo ze-coplanar okanye iintambo ze-coaxial ukondla imiqondiso ye-RF kwinxalenye ekhupha imitha ye-antenna. Le ndlela idla ngokubonelela ngokuthelekiswa okuhle kwe-impedance kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemitha, kwaye ifanelekile ngakumbi kwiimeko apho kufuneka ujongano olunye lwe-antenna.

Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokutya ziya kuchaphazela ukuhambelana kwe-impedance, iimpawu ze-frequency, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha kunye noyilo olubonakalayo lwe-antenna.

Indlela yokukhetha indawo yokuphakelwa kwe-coaxial ye-antenna ye-microstrip

Xa uyila i-antenna ye-microstrip, ukukhetha indawo ye-coaxial feed point kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-antenna. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezicetyiswayo zokukhetha iindawo ze-coaxial feed points ze-microstrip antennas:

1. Ukulingana: Zama ukukhetha indawo yokuphakelwa kwe-coaxial embindini we-antenna ye-microstrip ukuze ugcine ukulingana kwe-antenna. Oku kunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemitha ye-antenna kunye nokuhambelana kwe-impedance.

2. Apho intsimi yombane inkulu khona: Indawo yokutya ye-coaxial ikhethwa ngcono kwindawo apho intsimi yombane ye-antenna ye-microstrip inkulu khona, nto leyo enokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwesondlo kwaye inciphise ilahleko.

3. Apho umsinga uphezulu khona: Indawo yokuphakela ye-coaxial ingakhethwa kufutshane nendawo apho umsinga we-antenna ye-microstrip uphezulu khona ukuze kufumaneke amandla aphezulu emitha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

4. Inqaku lentsimi yombane elingenanto kwimo enye: Kuyilo lwe-antenna ye-microstrip, ukuba ufuna ukufikelela kwimitha yendlela enye, inqaku le-coaxial feed lidla ngokukhethwa kwindawo yentsimi yombane elingenanto kwimo enye ukuze kufezekiswe ukuhambelana okungcono kwe-impedance kunye neempawu zemitha.

5. Uhlalutyo lwe-frequency kunye ne-waveform: Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulinganisa ukwenza i-frequency sweep kunye nohlalutyo lwe-electric field/current distribution ukuze kuchongwe indawo efanelekileyo ye-coaxial feed point.

6. Cinga ngolwalathiso lomqadi: Ukuba kufuneka iimpawu zomqadi ezinesikhokelo esithile, indawo ye-coaxial feed point inokukhethwa ngokwesikhokelo somqadi ukuze kufunyanwe ukusebenza komqadi we-antenna oyifunayo.

Kwinkqubo yoyilo lokwenyani, kudla ngokuba yimfuneko ukudibanisa ezi ndlela zingasentla kunye nokuchonga indawo efanelekileyo ye-coaxial feed point ngokusebenzisa uhlalutyo lokulinganisa kunye neziphumo zokulinganisa zokwenyani ukuze kufezekiswe iimfuno zoyilo kunye neempawu zokusebenza ze-microstrip antenna. Kwangaxeshanye, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-microstrip antennas (ezifana ne-patch antennas, i-helical antennas, njl.njl.) zinokuba neengqwalasela ezithile xa kukhethwa indawo ye-coaxial feed point, efuna uhlalutyo oluthile kunye nokwenza ngcono ngokusekelwe kuhlobo oluthile lwe-antenna kunye nemeko yesicelo.

Umahluko phakathi kwe-antenna ye-microstrip kunye ne-antenna ye-patch

I-antenna ye-Microstrip kunye ne-antenna ye-patch zii-antenna ezimbini ezincinci eziqhelekileyo. Zinomahluko kunye neempawu ezithile:

1. Ulwakhiwo kunye noyilo:

- I-antenna ye-microstrip idla ngokuba ne-microstrip patch kunye ne-ground plate. I-microstrip patch isebenza njengento ekhupha imisebe kwaye iqhagamshelwe kwi-ground plate ngomgca we-microstrip.

- Ii-antenna zepetshi zihlala ziziqwenga zomqhubi ezikrolwe ngqo kwi-dielectric substrate kwaye azidingi imigca ye-microstrip njengee-antenna ze-microstrip.

2. Ubungakanani kunye nokuma:

- Ii-antenna ze-Microstrip zincinci ngobukhulu, zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiibhendi ze-microwave frequency, kwaye zinoyilo oluguquguqukayo ngakumbi.

- Ii-antenna zepetshi nazo zinokuyilwa ukuba zenziwe zibe zincinci, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ezithile, ubukhulu bazo bunokuba buncinci.

3. Uluhlu lweefrikhwensi:

- Uluhlu lwee-antenna ze-microstrip lunokwahluka ukusuka kumakhulu ee-megahertz ukuya kwii-gigahertz ezininzi, kunye neempawu ezithile ze-broadband.

- Ii-antenna zepetshi zihlala zisebenza ngcono kwiibhendi ezithile zefrikhwensi kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezithile zefrikhwensi.

4. Inkqubo yemveliso:

- Ii-antenna ze-Microstrip zihlala zenziwe kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bebhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo, enokwenziwa ngobuninzi kwaye ibe nexabiso eliphantsi.

- Ii-antenna zepetshi zihlala zenziwe ngezinto ezisekelwe kwi-silicon okanye ezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo, zineemfuno ezithile zokucubungula, kwaye zifanelekile kwimveliso encinci.

5. Iimpawu zokwahlulwahlulwa:

- Ii-antenna ze-Microstrip zinokuyilwa ukuze zilungelelaniswe ngomgca okanye ngomgca, nto leyo enika ukuguquguquka okuthile.

- Iimpawu ze-polarisation zee-antenna ze-patch zihlala zixhomekeke kulwakhiwo kunye noyilo lwe-antenna kwaye aziguquguquki njengee-antenna ze-microstrip.

Ngokubanzi, ii-antenna ze-microstrip kunye nee-antenna ze-patch zahlukile kwisakhiwo, uluhlu lwamaza, kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-antenna kufuneka kusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo kunye nezinto eziqwalaselweyo kuyilo.

Iingcebiso zemveliso ye-antenna ye-Microstrip: