Phakathi kobuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo, kuphela lulwalamano phakathi kwesixhobo se-transceiver esingenazingcingo kunye ne-antenna yenkqubo ye-RFID olukhethekileyo. Kusapho lwe-RFID, ii-antenna kunye ne-RFID ngamalungu abaluleke ngokulinganayo. I-RFID kunye nee-antenna zixhomekeke kwelinye kwaye azinakwahlulwa. Nokuba yi-RFID reader okanye i-RFID tag, nokuba yiteknoloji ye-RFID ephindaphindayo okanye iteknoloji ye-RFID ephindaphindayo kakhulu, ayinakwahlulwa kwii-antenna.
I-RFIDi-antennasisiguquli esiguqula amaza akhokelwayo asasazeka kumgca wothumelo abe ngamaza e-electromagnetic asasazeka kwindawo engenamda (idla ngokuba yindawo ekhululekileyo), okanye ngokuchaseneyo. I-antenna yinxalenye yezixhobo zerediyo ezisetyenziselwa ukudlulisa okanye ukufumana amaza e-electromagnetic. Amandla esignali yerediyo ephumayo yi-radio transmitter athuthwa aye kwi-antenna nge-feeder (intambo), kwaye asasazwa yi-antenna ngohlobo lwamaza e-electromagnetic. Emva kokuba amaza e-electromagnetic afikelele kwindawo afumana kuyo, afunyanwa yi-antenna (inxalenye encinci yamandla kuphela efunyanwayo) kwaye athunyelwe kwi-radio receiver nge-feeder, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi.
Umgaqo wokukhupha amaza e-electromagnetic avela kwi-antenna ze-RFID
Xa intambo ithwala umsinga otshintshanayo, iya kukhupha amaza e-electromagnetic, kwaye amandla ayo okusasazeka kwemitha ahambelana nobude kunye nokuma kwentambo. Ukuba umgama phakathi kweentambo ezimbini usondelelene kakhulu, intsimi yombane ibotshelelwe phakathi kweentambo ezimbini, ngoko ke imitha ibuthathaka kakhulu; xa ezi ntambo zimbini zisasazeke zahlulwe, intsimi yombane isasazeka kwindawo ejikelezileyo, ngoko ke imitha iyaphucuka. Xa ubude bentambo buncinci kakhulu kunobude be-wave ye-electromagnetic esasazeke, imitha ibuthathaka kakhulu; xa ubude bentambo buthelekiswa nobude be-wave ye-electromagnetic esasazeke, umsinga kwintambo uyanda kakhulu, wenze imitha enamandla ngakumbi. Intambo ethe tye ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla enokuvelisa imitha ebalulekileyo idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-oscillator, kwaye i-oscillator yi-antenna elula.
Okukhona ubude bobude bamaza e-electromagnetic bukhula, kokukhona ubukhulu be-antenna bukhulu. Okukhona amandla amaninzi ekufuneka akhutshwe, kokukhona ubukhulu be-antenna bukhulu.
Isikhokelo se-antenna ye-RFID
Amaza e-electromagnetic akhutshwa yi-antenna aya kwicala. Kwisiphelo sokudlulisa se-antenna, i-directivity ibhekisa kubuchule be-antenna bokukhupha amaza e-electromagnetic kwicala elithile. Kwicala lokwamkela, kuthetha amandla e-antenna okufumana amaza e-electromagnetic avela kumacala ahlukeneyo. Igrafu yomsebenzi phakathi kweempawu zemitha ye-antenna kunye ne-spatial coordinates yipateni ye-antenna. Ukuhlalutya ipateni ye-antenna kunokuhlalutya iimpawu zemitha ye-antenna, oko kukuthi, amandla e-antenna okudlulisa (okanye ukwamkela) amaza e-electromagnetic kuzo zonke iindlela ezisesibhakabhakeni. I-directivity ye-antenna idla ngokumelwa zii-curves kwi-vertical plane kunye ne-horizontal plane emele amandla amaza e-electromagnetic akhutshwa (okanye afunyenweyo) kumacala ahlukeneyo.
Ngokwenza utshintsho oluhambelanayo kwisakhiwo sangaphakathi se-antenna, indlela ekhokelwa ngayo i-antenna ingatshintshwa, ngaloo ndlela kwakheka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-antenna ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo.
Ukwanda kwe-antenna ye-RFID
Ukwanda kwe-antenna ngokwenani kuchaza inqanaba apho i-antenna ikhupha khona amandla okufaka ngendlela egxininisiweyo. Ngokwembono yepateni, kokukhona i-lobe ephambili incinci, i-lobe esecaleni incinci, kwaye kokukhona i-gain iphezulu. Kwinjineli, ukwandiswa kwe-antenna kusetyenziswa ukulinganisa amandla e-antenna okuthumela nokufumana imiqondiso kwicala elithile. Ukwandisa ukwandiswa kunokunyusa ukugubungela kwenethiwekhi kwicala elithile, okanye kwandise umda wokufumana ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, kokukhona i-gain iphezulu, kokukhona amaza erediyo esasazeka ngakumbi.
Ukwahlulwa kwee-antenna zeRFID
I-antenna yeDipole: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-antenna ye-dipole elinganayo, ineentambo ezimbini ezithe tye ezinobukhulu obufanayo nobude obucwangciswe kumgca othe tye. Isignali ifakwa ngaphakathi ukusuka kwiindawo ezimbini zokugqibela embindini, kwaye usasazo oluthile lwamandla luya kuveliswa kwiingalo ezimbini ze-dipole. Olu sasazo lwamandla luya kuvuselela intsimi ye-electromagnetic kwindawo ejikeleze i-antenna.
I-antenna yekhoyili: Yenye yee-antenna ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zeRFID. Zihlala zenziwe ngeengcingo ezidityaniswe zibe zizakhiwo ezijikelezayo okanye ezizingxande ukuze zikwazi ukufumana nokudlulisa imiqondiso ye-electromagnetic.
I-antenna ye-RF edityaniswe ngendlela evuselelayo: I-antenna ye-RF edityaniswe ngendlela evuselelayo idla ngokusetyenziselwa unxibelelwano phakathi kwabafundi be-RFID kunye neethegi ze-RFID. Zidibana ngokusebenzisa intsimi yemagnethi edityaniswe ngayo. Ezi antenna zihlala zikwimo ejikelezayo ukuze zenze intsimi yemagnethi edityaniswe ngayo phakathi komfundi we-RFID kunye nethegi ye-RFID.
I-antenna ye-Microstrip patch: Idla ngokuba ngumaleko omncinci we-patch yesinyithi eqhotyoshelwe emhlabeni. I-antenna ye-Microstrip patch ilula ngobunzima, incinci ngobukhulu, kwaye incinci ngokwecandelo. I-feeder kunye nenethiwekhi yokufanisa inokwenziwa ngaxeshanye ne-antenna, kwaye inxulumene kakhulu nenkqubo yonxibelelwano. Iisekethe eziprintiweyo zidityaniswe kunye, kwaye ii-patches zinokwenziwa kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ze-photolithography, ezingabizi kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzivelisa ngobuninzi.
I-antenna yeYagi: yi-antenna ebhekisa kwicala equlathe ii-dipole ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ze-half-wave. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula amandla esignali okanye ukuqhuba unxibelelwano olungenazingcingo olubhekisa kwicala.
I-antenna engasemva kweCavity: Yi-antenna apho i-antenna kunye ne-feeder zibekwe khona kwindawo enye engasemva. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-RFID ezisebenzisa i-frequency ephezulu kwaye zinokubonelela ngomgangatho wesignali kunye nozinzo olufanelekileyo.
I-antenna ethe tyaba ye-Microstrip: Yi-antenna encinci nebhityileyo, edla ngokusetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezincinci ezifana nezixhobo eziphathwayo kunye neethegi ze-RFID. Zenziwe ngemigca ye-microstrip enika ukusebenza okuhle ngobukhulu obuncinci.
I-Antenna ejikelezayo: I-antenna ekwaziyo ukwamkela nokudlulisa amaza e-electromagnetic ajikelezileyo ane-polarized. Ahlala enziwe ngocingo lwesinyithi okanye i-sheet metal kwaye anesakhiwo esinye okanye ezingaphezulu ezimile okwe-spiral.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-antenna zokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ezifana neefrikhwensi ezahlukeneyo, iinjongo ezahlukeneyo, amaxesha ahlukeneyo, kunye neemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-antenna luneempawu zalo ezizodwa kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo. Xa ukhetha i-antenna ye-RFID efanelekileyo, kufuneka ukhethe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zokwenyani zesicelo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.
Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngee-antenna, nceda undwendwele:
Ifowuni: 0086-028-82695327
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-15-2024
