Isidibanisi se-eriyali sisidibanisi sombane esisetyenziselwa ukuqhagamshela izixhobo zamaza erediyo neentambo. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuhambisa imiqondiso ye-frequency ephezulu.
Isidibanisi sineempawu ezihambelana ne-impedance ezigqwesileyo, eziqinisekisa ukuba ukubonakaliswa komqondiso kunye nokulahlekelwa kuncitshiswa ngexesha lokuhanjiswa phakathi kwekhonkco kunye nentambo. Ngokuqhelekileyo baneempawu zokukhusela ezilungileyo zokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic yangaphandle ekuchaphazeleni umgangatho wesignali.
Iindidi zokudibanisa i-antenna eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-SMA, i-BNC, uhlobo lwe-N, i-TNC, njl., ezilungele iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
Eli nqaku liza kukwazisa kwiikhonkco ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo:
Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwesiqhagamshelo
Isiqhagamshelo se-SMA
Uhlobo lwe-SMA uhlobo lwe-RF i-coaxial connector yi-RF / microwave ikhonkco eyenzelwe ngu-Bendix kunye ne-Omni-Spectra ekupheleni kwe-1950s. Yayiyenye yezona ziqhagamshelo ezazisetyenziswa kakhulu ngelo xesha.
Ekuqaleni, izihlanganisi ze-SMA zazisetyenziswa kwi-0.141 ″ iintambo ze-coaxial semi-rigid, ezisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizicelo ze-microwave kushishino lomkhosi, ngokuzaliswa kwe-dielectric yeTeflon.
Ngenxa yokuba isinxibelelanisi se-SMA sincinci ngokobukhulu kwaye sinokusebenza kumaza aphezulu (uluhlu lwamaza ombane luyi-DC ukuya kwi-18GHz xa ludityaniswe kwiintambo eziphantse zibe ngqongqo, kunye ne-DC ukuya kwi-12.4GHz xa ludityaniswe kwiintambo eziguquguqukayo), lufumana ukuthandwa ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iinkampani ngoku ziyakwazi ukuvelisa iziqhagamshelo ze-SMA malunga ne-DC ~ 27GHz. Kwanophuhliso lweziqhagamshelo zamaza emilimitha (ezifana ne-3.5mm, 2.92mm) luqwalasela ukuhambelana komatshini kunye nezihlanganisi ze-SMA.
Isidibanisi se-SMA
Isidibanisi se-BNC
Igama elipheleleyo le-BNC isiqhagamshelo yiBayonet Nut Connector (i-snap-fit connector, eli gama liyichaza ngokucacileyo imilo yesi siqhagamshelo), ebizwa ngokuba yi-bayonet yayo yokufaka indlela yokutshixa kunye nabaqambi bayo uPaul Neill noCarl Concelman.
sisidibanisi esiqhelekileyo se-RF esinciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwamaza/ilahleko. Iziqhagamshelo ze-BNC zidla ngokusetyenziswa kusetyenziso olusezantsi ukuya kumbindi wefrikhwensi kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezingenazingcingo, oomabonakude, izixhobo zovavanyo, kunye nezixhobo zombane zeRF.
Iziqhagamshelo ze-BNC zazikwasetyenziswa kuthungelwano lwekhompyuter lwangaphambili. Isidibanisi se-BNC sixhasa amaza omqondiso ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-4GHz, kodwa inokuphinda isebenze ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12GHz ukuba inguqulelo ekhethekileyo yomgangatho ophezulu eyilelwe le frikhwensi isetyenziswa. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-impedance yeempawu, ezizezi 50 ohms kunye ne-75 ohms. I-50 ohm izihlanganisi ze-BNC zithandwa kakhulu.
N uhlobo Isidibanisi
Isidibanisi se-eriyali sohlobo lwe-N sayilwa nguPaul Neal eBell Labs ngeminyaka yoo-1940. Izihlanganisi zohlobo lwe-N ekuqaleni zaziyilelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomkhosi kunye nemimandla yezophapho yokuqhagamshela iinkqubo zerada kunye nezinye izixhobo zamaza kanomathotholo. Isidibanisi sohlobo lwe-N siyilwe ngoqhagamshelo olunentambo, ebonelela ngokuhambelana kakuhle kwe-impedance kunye nokusebenza kokukhusela, kwaye ifanelekile kumandla aphezulu kunye nezicelo ezisezantsi.
Uluhlu lwamaza ohlobo lwezixhumi ze-N luhlala luxhomekeke kuyilo oluthile kunye nemigangatho yokuvelisa. Ngokubanzi, izihlanganisi zohlobo lwe-N zinokugubungela uluhlu lwamaxesha ukusuka kwi-0 Hz (DC) ukuya kwi-11 GHz ukuya kwi-18 GHz. Nangona kunjalo, iziqhagamshelo zodidi oluphezulu lwe-N zinokuxhasa amanqanaba aphezulu, ukufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-18 GHz. Kusetyenziso olusebenzayo, izihlanganisi zohlobo lwe-N zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kusetyenziso lwamaza asezantsi ukuya aphakathi, njengonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo, usasazo, unxibelelwano lwesathelayithi kunye neenkqubo zeradar.
N uhlobo isinxibelelanisi
TNC Isidibanisi
Isidibanisi se-TNC (i-Threaded Neill-Concelman) yaqulunqwa nguPaul Neill noCarl Concelman ekuqaleni koo-1960. Yinguqulelo ephuculweyo yesiqhagamshelo se-BNC kwaye isebenzisa indlela yoqhagamshelwano olunemisonto.
I-impedance yempawu yi-50 ohms, kunye noluhlu oluchanekileyo lokusebenza rhoqo ngu-0-11GHz. Kwibhendi yefrikhwensi ye-microwave, izihlanganisi ze-TNC zisebenza ngcono kuneziqhagamshelo ze-BNC. Ineempawu zokuxhathisa ukothuka okuqinileyo, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, iipropathi ezigqwesileyo zoomatshini kunye nombane, njl., kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zikanomathotholo kunye nezixhobo zombane zokuqhagamshela iintambo zeRF coaxial.
3.5mm Isidibanisi
Isidibanisi esiyi-3.5mm sisidibanisi serediyo ye-coaxial. I-diameter yangaphakathi ye-conductor yangaphandle yi-3.5mm, i-impedance yempawu yi-50Ω, kwaye indlela yokudibanisa yi-1 / 4-36UNS-2 intshi yentambo.
Embindini we-1970s, iinkampani zaseMelika iHewlett-Packard kunye ne-Amphenol (ingakumbi iphuhliswe yiNkampani ye-HP, kwaye imveliso yangethuba yaqhutywa yiNkampani ye-Amphenol) yasungula isinxibelelanisi esiyi-3.5mm, esisebenza rhoqo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-33GHz kwaye yeyokuqala. Irediyo yerediyo enokusetyenziswa kwimillimeter wave band. Enye yezixhumanisi ze-coaxial.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezihlanganisi ze-SMA (kuquka i-Southwest Microwave's "Super SMA"), izihlanganisi ze-3.5mm zisebenzisa i-dielectric yomoya, zinee-conductor zangaphandle ezityebileyo kune-SMA connectors, kwaye zinamandla angcono oomatshini. Ke ngoko, ayisiyiyo kuphela ukusebenza kombane okungcono kunoko kweziqhagamshelo ze-SMA, kodwa ukuqina koomatshini kunye nokuphindaphindwa kokusebenza kukwaphezulu kunolo lweziqhagamshelo ze-SMA, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kushishino lovavanyo.
2.92mm Isidibanisi
Isidibanisi se-2.92mm, abanye abavelisi bayibiza ngokuba yi-2.9mm okanye i-K-type connector, kwaye abanye abavelisi bayibiza ngokuba yi-SMK, KMC, i-WMP4 isiqhagamshelanisi, njl. Iimpawu I-impedance yi-50Ω kwaye indlela yoqhagamshelwano yi-1/4-36UNS-2 intshi yomsonto. Ubume bayo bufana ne-3.5mm isinxibelelanisi, sincinci nje.
Ngo-1983, injineli ephezulu yakwaWiltron uWilliam.Old.Field yavelisa isidibaniso esitsha sohlobo lwe-2.92mm/K olusekwe ekushwankatheleni nasekoyiseni izihlanganisi zamaza ezimilimitha ezaziswa ngaphambili (Isidibanisi sohlobo lwe-K luphawu lwentengiso). I-diameter ye-conductor yangaphakathi yesi siqhagamshelo yi-1.27mm kwaye inokudibaniswa nezixhumi ze-SMA kunye nezixhumi ze-3.5mm.
Isidibanisi se-2.92mm sinomsebenzi obalaseleyo wombane kwi-frequency range (0-46) GHz kwaye ihambelana ngoomatshini kunye nezixhumi ze-SMA kunye nezixhumi ze-3.5mm. Ngenxa yoko, yakhawuleza yaba yenye yezona ziqhagamshelo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-mmWave.
2.4mm Isidibanisi
Ukuphuhliswa kwe-2.4mm yokudibanisa kuqhutywe ngokubambisana yi-HP (i-predecessor ye-Keysight Technologies), i-Amphenol kunye ne-M / A-COM. Inokucingwa njengenguqulelo encinci ye-3.5mm isinxibelelanisi, ngoko kukho ukwanda okubonakalayo kwi-frequency ephezulu. Esi sidibanisi sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ze-50GHz kwaye ngokwenene sinokusebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60GHz. Ukuze ucombulule ingxaki yokuba i-SMA kunye ne-2.92mm izixhumi zixhomekeke kumonakalo, umdibaniso we-2.4mm wenzelwe ukuphelisa ezi ntsilelo ngokunyusa ubukhulu bodonga lwangaphandle lwekhonkco kunye nokuqinisa izikhonkwane zesetyhini. Olu yilo oluyilayo luvumela i-2.4mm isidibanisi ukuba senze kakuhle kwizicelo eziphezulu ze-frequency.
Uphuhliso lweziqhagamshelo ze-antenna luye lwavela kuyilo lwentambo olulula ukuya kwiindidi ezininzi ze-high-performance connectors. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, izihlanganisi ziyaqhubeka nokulandela iimpawu zobukhulu obuncinci, i-frequency ephezulu kunye ne-bandwidth enkulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziguqukayo zonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo. Isidibanisi ngasinye sineempawu zayo kunye neenzuzo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo, ngoko ke ukukhetha i-eriyali efanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuzinza kokuhanjiswa komqondiso.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-26-2023
