Ukusebenza kakuhle kwei-eriyaliibhekisa kubuchule be-eriyali ukuguqula igalelo lamandla ombane abe ngamandla asasazwayo. Kunxibelelwano olungenazingcingo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-antenna kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumgangatho wokuhambisa umqondiso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ukusebenza kwe-eriyali kunokubonakaliswa ngale fomyula ilandelayo:
Ukusebenza kakuhle = (Amandla aRadiated / Amandla okufaka) * 100%
Phakathi kwazo, Amandla aRadiated ngamandla ombane asasazwa yi-eriyali, kwaye amandla oFakelo lugalelo lamandla ombane kwi-eriyali.
Ukusebenza kwe-eriyali kuchatshazelwa yimiba emininzi, kubandakanywa uyilo lwe-eriyali, imathiriyeli, ubukhulu, amaxesha amaninzi okusebenza, njl. njl ukuphucula umgangatho wokuhanjiswa komqondiso kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ke ngoko, ukusebenza kakuhle kukuqwalaselwa okubalulekileyo xa uyila kwaye ukhetha ii-eriyali, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifuna ukuhanjiswa komgama omde okanye zineemfuno ezingqongqo kusetyenziso lwamandla.
1. Ukusebenza kwe-antenna
Umfanekiso woku-1
Ingcamango yokusebenza kwe-antenna inokuchazwa ngokusebenzisa uMfanekiso 1.
Ukusebenza kwe-eriyali iyonke i-e0 isetyenziselwa ukubala ilahleko ye-antenna kwigalelo kunye nangaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-antenna. Ngokubhekiselele kuMfanekiso 1(b), ezi lahleko zinokubangelwa koku:
1. Ukubonakalisa ngenxa yokungahambelani komgca wothumelo kunye ne-eriyali;
2. Ilahleko ye-conductor kunye ne-dielectric.
Ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwe-antenna kunokufumaneka kule fomula ilandelayo:
Oko kukuthi, ukusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo = imveliso yokungahambelani kakuhle, ukusebenza kakuhle komqhubi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-dielectric.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kunzima kakhulu ukubala ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-conductor kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-dielectric, kodwa kunokumiselwa ngovavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, imifuniselo ayinakwahlula ezi lahleko zimbini, ngoko ke le fomula ingasentla ingaphinda ibhalwe ngolu hlobo:
I-ecd kukusebenza kwemitha ye-eriyali kwaye i-Γ yi-reflection coefficient.
2. Zuza kwaye Uyifumene Inzuzo
Enye i-metric eluncedo yokuchaza ukusebenza kwe-eriyali kukuzuza. Nangona inzuzo ye-eriyali ihambelana ngokusondeleyo nolwalathiso, yiparameter ethathela ingqalelo kokubini ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuqondisa kwe-eriyali. I-Directivity yiparameter echaza kuphela iimpawu zolwalathiso lwe-eriyali, ngoko imiselwa kuphela yipatheni yemitha.
Inzuzo ye-eriyali kwindlela echaziweyo ichazwa njenge "4π amaxesha umlinganiselo we-radiation intensity kwelo cala ukuya kumandla egalelo lilonke." Xa kungekho mkhombandlela uchaziweyo, inzuzo kwicala lemitha ephezulu ithathwa ngokubanzi. Ngoko ke, kukho ngokubanzi:
Ngokubanzi, ibhekisela kwinzuzo ehambelanayo, echazwa ngokuthi "umlinganiselo wenzuzo yamandla kwicala elichaziweyo kumandla e-antenna yereferensi kwisalathiso sokubhekisela". Amandla egalelo kule eriyali kufuneka alingane. I-eriyali yereferensi ingaba yi-vibrator, uphondo okanye enye i-eriyali. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umthombo wenqaku ongelolathisi usetyenziswa njenge-eriyali yesalathiso. Ngoko ke:
Ubudlelwane phakathi kombane osasazekileyo ewonke kunye namandla engeniso ewonke angoluhlobo lulandelayo:
Ngokomgangatho we-IEEE, "Inzuzo ayibandakanyi ilahleko ngenxa ye-impedance mismatch (ilahleko yokubonakalisa) kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwe-polarization (ilahleko)." Kukho iikhonsepthi ezimbini zokuzuza, enye ibizwa ngokuba yinzuzo (G) kwaye enye ibizwa ngokuba yinzuzo enokufikelelwa (Gre), ethathela ingqalelo ilahleko yokubonakalisa/nokungangqinelani.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwenzuzo kunye nolwalathiso yile:
Ukuba i-antenna ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nomgca wothumelo, oko kukuthi, i-antenna i-impedance ye-Zin ilingana ne-impedance yempawu ye-Zc yomgca (|Γ| = 0), ngoko inzuzo kunye nokuzuza okufikelelekayo kuyalingana (Gre = G ).
Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngee-eriyali, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-14-2024
