1. Ukwanda kwee-antenna
I-antennai-gain ibhekisa kumlinganiselo wobuninzi bamandla emitha ye-antenna kwicala elithile elichaziweyo kubuninzi bamandla emitha ye-antenna yesalathiso (ngokuqhelekileyo ngumthombo wenqaku lemitha ofanelekileyo) kumandla afanayo okufaka. Iiparameter ezimele i-antenna gain yi-dBd kunye ne-dBi.
Intsingiselo ebonakalayo ye-gain ingaqondwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ukuvelisa isignali yobukhulu obuthile kwindawo ethile kumgama othile, ukuba umthombo wenqaku ongengowecala ofanelekileyo usetyenziswa njenge-antenna yokudlulisa, kufuneka amandla okufaka angama-100W, ngelixa xa i-antenna yokudlulisa i-directional ene-gain ye-G=13dB (amaxesha angama-20) isetyenziswa njenge-antenna yokudlulisa, amandla okufaka angama-100/20=5W kuphela. Ngamanye amazwi, inzuzo ye-antenna, ngokwempembelelo yayo yemitha kwicala eliphezulu lemitha, yi-multiple yamandla okufaka akhuliswe xa kuthelekiswa nomthombo wenqaku ongengowecala ofanelekileyo.
I-Antenna gain isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amandla e-antenna okuthumela nokufumana imiqondiso kwicala elithile kwaye yenye yezona parameter zibalulekileyo zokukhetha i-antenna. I-Gain inxulumene kakhulu nephethini ye-antenna. Okukhona i-lobe ephambili yephethini incinci kwaye i-lobe esecaleni incinci, kokukhona i-gain iphezulu. Ubudlelwane phakathi kobubanzi be-lobe ephambili kunye ne-antenna gain buboniswe kuMfanekiso 1-1.
Umfanekiso 1-1
Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, okukhona i-gain iphezulu, kokukhona i-radio wave isasazeka ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela, i-antenna gain kufuneka ikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe ekufanisweni kwe-beam kunye nendawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Umzekelo, xa umgama wokugubungela ukufutshane, ukuqinisekisa isiphumo sokugubungela se-near point, i-antenna ye-low-gain ene-vertical lobe ebanzi kufuneka ikhethwe.
2. Iingcamango ezinxulumene noko
·dBd: xa kuthelekiswa nenzuzo ye-antenna ye-symmetrical array,
·dBi: xa kuthelekiswa nokufumana i-antenna yomthombo wenqaku, i-radiation kuzo zonke iindlela iyafana. dBi=dBd+2.15
I-engile yeLobe: i-engile eyenziwe yi-3dB ngaphantsi kwencochoyi yelobe ephambili kwipateni ye-antenna, nceda ubhekisele kububanzi belobe ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha, umthombo we-radiation point ofanelekileyo: ibhekisa kwi-antenna ye-isotropic efanelekileyo, oko kukuthi, umthombo we-radiation point olula, oneempawu ezifanayo ze-radiation kuzo zonke iindlela esibhakabhakeni.
3. Ifomula yokubala
Ukwanda kwe-antenna = 10lg (ubuninzi bamandla emitha ye-antenna/ubuninzi bamandla emitha ye-antenna)
Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngee-antenna, nceda undwendwele:
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-06-2024
