Iindaba - Uphononongo lwee-eriyali zentambo yothumelo olusekwe kwi-metamatadium (Icandelo 2)

2. Ukusetyenziswa kweMTM-TL kwiiNkqubo ze-Antenna
Eli candelo liza kugxininisa kwii-TL ze-metamaterial ezenziweyo kunye nezinye zezona zicelo zixhaphakileyo nezifanelekileyo zokuqonda izakhiwo ze-antenna ezinexabiso eliphantsi, ukuveliswa okulula, i-miniaturization, i-wide bandwidth, inzuzo ephezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukukwazi ukuskena uluhlu olubanzi kunye neprofayili ephantsi. Zixoxwa ngezantsi.

1. I-Broadband kunye nee-eriyali eziphindaphindwayo
Kwi-TL eqhelekileyo kunye nobude be-l, xa i-angular frequency ω0 inikezelwa, ubude bombane (okanye isigaba) somgca wothumelo singabalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Apho i-vp imele isantya sesigaba somzila wothumelo. Njengoko kunokubonwa apha ngasentla, i-bandwidth ihambelana ngokusondeleyo nokulibaziseka kweqela, okuyi-derivative ye-φ ngokubhekiselele kwi-frequency. Ke ngoko, njengoko ubude bomgca wothumelo buba mfutshane, i-bandwidth nayo iba banzi. Ngamanye amazwi, kukho ubudlelwane obuphambeneyo phakathi kwe-bandwidth kunye nesigaba esisisiseko somgca wothumelo, oluyilo oluthile. Oku kubonisa ukuba kwiisekethe eziqhelekileyo ezisasazwayo, i-bandwidth yokusebenza akulula ukuyilawula. Oku kunokunxulunyaniswa nemida yeentambo zothumelo zemveli ngokwemigangatho yenkululeko. Nangona kunjalo, izinto zokulayisha zivumela iiparameters ezongezelelweyo ukuba zisetyenziswe kwi-metaterial TLs, kwaye impendulo yesigaba inokulawulwa kwinqanaba elithile. Ukuze ukwandise i-bandwidth, kuyimfuneko ukuba ube ne-slope efanayo kufuphi ne-frequency yokusebenza kweempawu zokusabalalisa. I-Artificial metamaterial TL inokufezekisa le njongo. Ngokusekelwe kule ndlela, iindlela ezininzi zokuphucula i-bandwidth yee-antenna zicetywayo kwiphepha. Abaphengululi baye baqulunqa kwaye benza ii-eriyali ezimbini ze-broadband ezilayishwe ngeeresonators zeringi ezahlulahlulwe (jonga uMfanekiso 7). Iziphumo eziboniswe kuMzobo we-7 zibonisa ukuba emva kokulayisha i-resonator yeringi yokwahlula kunye ne-antenna ye-monopole yesiqhelo, imowudi ephantsi ye-resonant frequency iyavuya. Ubungakanani be-resonator yeringi yokwahlula buphuculwe ukufezekisa i-resonance kufutshane naleyo ye-eriyali ye-monopole. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba xa i-resonances ezimbini zihambelana, i-bandwidth kunye neempawu ze-radiation ze-eriyali zonyuka. Ubude nobubanzi be-eriyali ye-monopole yi-0.25λ0×0.11λ0 kunye ne-0.25λ0×0.21λ0 (4GHz), ngokulandelelanayo, kunye nobude nobubanzi be-eriyali ye-monopole elayishwe ngeringi yokuqhawula i-0.29λ0×0.21λ0 (2.9GHz) ), ngokulandelelanayo. Kwi-eriyali eqhelekileyo efana no-F kunye ne-eriyali eyi-T ngaphandle kwe-resonator yeringi yokwahlukana, inzuzo ephezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemitha kulinganiswa kwibhendi ye-5GHz yi-3.6dBi - 78.5% kunye ne-3.9dBi - 80.2%, ngokulandelanayo. Kwi-eriyali elayishwe nge-ring resonator yokwahlula, ezi parameters ziyi-4dBi - 81.2% kunye ne-4.4dBi - 83%, ngokulandelanayo, kwibhendi ye-6GHz. Ngokuphumeza i-resonator yeringi yokwahlula njengomthwalo ohambelanayo kwi-eriyali ye-monopole, i-2.9GHz ~ 6.41GHz kunye ne-2.6GHz ~ 6.6GHz bands inokuxhaswa, ehambelana ne-fractional bandwidths ye-75.4% kunye ne-87%, ngokulandelanayo. Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-bandwidth yokulinganisa iphuculwe malunga namaxesha e-2.4 kunye namaxesha e-2.11 xa kuthelekiswa ne-antenna yendabuko ye-monopole malunga nobukhulu obumiselweyo.

Umzobo 7. Ii-eriyali ezimbini zebroadband ezilayishwe ngeeresonators eziqhekezayo.

Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 8, iziphumo zovavanyo ze-antenna ye-monopole eprintiweyo ibonisiwe. Xa i-S11≤- 10 dB, i-bandwidth yokusebenza yi-185% (0.115-2.90 GHz), kunye ne-1.45 GHz, inzuzo ephezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-radiation yi-2.35 dBi kunye ne-78.8%, ngokulandelanayo. Uyilo lwe-antenna lufana ne-back-to-back sheet sheet triangular, esondliwa ngumhluli wamandla we-curvilinear. I-GND encitshisiweyo iqulethe i-stub ephakathi ebekwe phantsi kwe-feeder, kwaye amakhonkco amane avulekileyo asasazwayo asasazwa ngeenxa zonke, eyandisa i-bandwidth ye-eriyali. I-eriyali ikhazimla phantse kwindawo zonke, igubungela uninzi lweebhendi ze-VHF kunye ne-S, kunye nawo onke amabhanti e-UHF kunye ne-L. Ubungakanani bomzimba we-antenna yi-48.32 × 43.72 × 0.8 mm3, kunye nobukhulu bombane ngu-0.235λ0 × 0.211λ0 × 0.003λ0. Ineenzuzo zobukhulu obuncinci kunye neendleko eziphantsi, kwaye inamathuba okusebenza anokubakho kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezingenazingcingo zebroadband.

Umzobo 8: I-eriyali ye-Monopole elayishwe ngeringi ye-resonator.

Umzobo we-9 ubonisa ulwakhiwo lwe-eriyali ecwangcisiweyo ebandakanya izibini ezimbini zocingo oluluqilima oludityanisiweyo olulukiweyo olumiswe kwinqwelomoya ephantsi emile okwe-T ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezimbini. Ubungakanani be-eriyali yi-38.5 × 36.6 mm2 (0.070λ0 × 0.067λ0), apho i-λ0 yindawo ekhululekile ye-wavelength ye-0.55 GHz. I-eriyali ikhupha i-omnidirectionally kwi-E-plane kwi-band frequency band ye-0.55 ~ 3.85 GHz, kunye nenzuzo enkulu ye-5.5dBi kwi-2.35GHz kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-90.1%. Ezi mpawu zenza i-eriyali ecetywayo ifaneleke kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka i-UHF RFID, i-GSM 900, i-GPS, i-KPCS, i-DCS, i-IMT-2000, i-WiMAX, i-WiFi kunye ne-Bluetooth.

Umzobo 9 Ulwakhiwo olucetywayo lwe-eriyali ecetywayo.

2. IAntenna evuzayo yeWave (LWA)
I-eriyali entsha evuzayo sesinye sezona zicelo ziphambili zokuqonda i-TL ye-metamaterial eyenziweyo. Kwii-eriyali ezivuzayo, isiphumo sesigaba esingaguqukiyo β kwi-engile yemitha (θm) kunye nobubanzi be-beam (Δθ) buhamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

L bubude be-eriyali, u-k0 linani lamaza kwindawo ekhululekileyo, kwaye λ0 bubude obungamaza kwindawo ekhululekileyo. Qaphela ukuba ukusasazeka kwemitha kwenzeka kuphela xa |β|

3. I-eriyali ye-resonator ye-Zero-odolo
Ipropathi eyodwa ye-CRLH metamaterial kukuba u-β unokuba ngu-0 xa i-frequency ingalingani no-zero. Ngokusekelwe kule propati, i-resonator entsha ye-zero-oda (ZOR) inokuveliswa. Xa u-β enguziro, akukho kutshintsha kwesigaba okwenzekayo kwiresonator iphela. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukutshintshwa kwesigaba rhoqo φ = - βd = 0. Ukongezelela, i-resonance ixhomekeke kuphela kumthwalo osebenzayo kwaye ixhomekeke kubude besakhiwo. Umzobo we-10 ubonisa ukuba i-eriyali ecetywayo yenziwe ngokufaka iiyunithi ezimbini nezintathu ezinokwakheka kwe-E, kwaye ubungakanani bubonke ngu-0.017λ0 × 0.006λ0 × 0.001λ0 kunye 0.028λ0 × 0.008λ0 × 0.001 × 0.001 λ0, ngokulandelelanayo, i-λ0, ngokulandelanayo indawo ekhululekileyo ekusebenzeni Iifrikhwensi ze-500 MHz kunye ne-650 MHz, ngokulandelanayo. I-eriyali isebenza kwii-frequencies ze-0.5-1.35 GHz (0.85 GHz) kunye ne-0.65-1.85 GHz (1.2 GHz), kunye ne-bandwidth ehambelana ne-91.9% kunye ne-96.0%. Ukongeza kwiimpawu zobukhulu obuncinci kunye ne-bandwidth ebanzi, inzuzo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-antenna yokuqala neyesibini yi-5.3dBi kunye ne-85% (1GHz) kunye ne-5.7dBi kunye ne-90% (1.4GHz), ngokulandelanayo.

Umzobo we-10 I-eriyali ecetywayo ephindwe kabini kunye ne-triple-E yezakhiwo.

4. Slot Antenna
Indlela elula icetywayo yokwandisa i-antenna ye-CRLH-MTM, kodwa ubukhulu bayo be-eriyali phantse bungatshintshi. Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 11, i-antenna ibandakanya iiyunithi ze-CRLH ezifakwe ngokuthe nkqo komnye nomnye, eziqulethe iipatches kunye nemigca ye-meander, kwaye kukho i-slot e-shaped slot kwi-patch. I-antenna yondliwa yi-CPW ehambelana ne-stub, kwaye ubukhulu bayo bu-17.5 mm × 32.15 mm × 1.6 mm, ehambelana ne-0.204λ0 × 0.375λ0 × 0.018λ0, apho λ0 (3.5GHz) imele ubude bendawo yamahhala. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-antenna isebenza kwi-frequency band ye-0.85-7.90GHz, kwaye i-bandwidth yayo yokusebenza yi-161.14%. Olona ncedo luphezulu lwemitha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-eriyali kubonakala kwi-3.5GHz, eyi-5.12dBi kunye ne-80%, ngokulandelanayo.